Eating only wild foods reshapes your gut microbiome in just weeks, study shows
In a recent study published in the journal Scientific Reports, researchers investigated how a diet consisting exclusively of wild foods influences the composition, structure, and persistence of changes in the gut microbiome (GM) in modern humans.
Background
What happens when we stop eating anything cultivated or processed? Many urban populations consume mass-produced, high-sugar, and low-fiber diets that can disrupt GM balance. In contrast, “traditional” populations consuming fiber-rich, minimally processed foods tend to have greater microbial diversity linked to better immunity and lower inflammation.
Prior research shows that diet changes can reshape the GM, but most studies remain within the boundaries of industrial diets based on domesticated foods. Since early humans relied on wild foods, studying this pattern could offer insights into our evolutionary biology. Further research is needed to validate these findings in diverse populations.
The wild foods, available in northern Europe during autumn, were gathered and prepared using primitive techniques like open-fire cooking and grindstones. The participant maintained his usual lifestyle and lived in his own home, isolating dietary influence from other variables. He was an experienced forager, and his health and well-being were monitored daily, with all food intake meticulously logged.
Stool samples were collected daily and stored at -20°C. Microbial Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted, and the V3–V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal Ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were determined with Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm 2 (DADA2) and taxonomically classified using the Systematic Initiative for Large-scale Verification of Alignments (SILVA) database.
Species-level analysis used the Genomes from Earth’s Microbiomes (GEM) catalog. Co-abundance networks were built using Kendall’s correlation and visualized in Cytoscape to identify keystone taxa.
Functional potential was inferred using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt2) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) ortholog analysis. Comparative analysis included microbiomes from hunter-gatherer, rural, and urban-industrial populations.
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